High stress (two-body) abrasive wear behavior of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MA-g-PE) compatibilized ethylene and vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer blend added with organophilic montmorillonite nanoclay in increasing quantity (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 phr) has been evaluated in this study. Comparative volume losses and specific wear rates of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) using two-body abrasion tester are discussed. Specific abrasive wear rate is optimized under different loads and sliding distances with different abrasive grade papers as per Taguchi L18 orthogonal array. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is employed to determine the significance of factors influencing wear. Confirmation experiments are performed to predict and verify the improvement in observed values with the optimal combination level of control factors. It is observed that maximum wear volume loss and specific wear rate occur at 10 N load and 8 m sliding distance in all polymer nanocomposites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images are used to analyze wear mechanisms under different experimental conditions.

References

1.
Ma
,
Y.
,
Qi
,
F.
,
Chen
,
M.
,
Chen
,
X.
,
Qin
,
J.
, and
Tang
,
M.
,
2015
, “
Study on Viscoelastic, Crystallization, and Mechanical Properties of HDPE/EVA/Mg(OH)2 Composites
,”
J. Polym. Compos.
(preprint).
2.
Kumar
,
B. N. R.
,
Venkataramareddy
,
M.
, and
Suresha
,
B.
,
2009
, “
Two-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of Nano-Clay Filled LDPE/EVA Composites
,”
J. Reinf. Plast. Compos.
,
28
(
24
), pp.
2999
3007
.
3.
Rajan
,
A.
,
Upadhyaya
,
P.
,
Chand
,
N.
, and
Kumar
,
V.
,
2011
, “
Effect of Compatibilizer on Physico-Mechanical Behavior of Poly (Ethylene-Co-Vinyl Acetate)/High Density Polyethylene Blends
,”
National Conference on Advanced Polymers, Fibers and Fabrics
, Kanpur, India, pp.
49
60
.
4.
Rajan
,
A.
,
Upadhyaya
,
P.
,
Chand
,
N.
, and
Kumar
,
V.
,
2013
, “
Effect of Nanoclay on the Mechanical Behavior of Compatibilized Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer/High Density Polyethylene Blends
,”
Int. J. Mech. Ind. Eng.
,
3
(
2
), pp.
13
18
.
5.
Rajan
,
A.
,
Upadhyaya
,
P.
,
Chand
,
N.
, and
Kumar
,
V.
,
2013
, “
Moisture Absorption Behavior of Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polyethylene Modified Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer/High Density Polyethylene Nanocomposites
,”
Int. J. Mech. Ind. Eng.
,
3
(
1
), pp.
132
136
.
6.
Rajan
,
A.
,
Upadhyaya
,
P.
,
Chand
,
N.
, and
Kumar
,
V.
,
2014
, “
Effect of Nanoclay on the Thermal Properties of Compatibilized Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer/High Density Polyethylene Blends
,”
J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater.
,
27
(
5
), pp.
650
662
.
7.
Liu
,
C. Z.
,
Ren
,
L.
,
Arnell
,
R. D.
, and
Tong
,
J.
,
1999
, “
Abrasive Wear Behavior of Particle Reinforced Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Composites
,”
Wear
,
225–229
(
Part 1
), pp.
199
204
.
8.
Satapathy
,
B. K.
, and
Bijwe
,
J.
,
2002
, “
Analysis of Simultaneous Influence of Operating Variables on Abrasive Wear of Phenolic Composites
,”
Wear
,
253
(
7–8
), pp.
787
794
.
9.
Siddhartha
, and
Gupta
,
K.
,
2012
, “
Mechanical and Abrasive Wear Characterization of Bidirectional and Chopped E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials
,”
Mater. Des.
,
35
, pp.
467
479
.
10.
Ramesh
,
B. N.
, and
Suresha
,
B.
,
2014
, “
Optimization of Tribological Parameters in Abrasive Wear Mode of Carbon-Epoxy Hybrid Composites
,”
Mater. Des.
,
59
, pp.
38
49
.
11.
Kumar
,
M. S. S.
,
Raju
,
N. M. S.
,
Sampath
,
P. S.
, and
Vivek
,
U.
,
2015
, “
Tribological Analysis of Nano Clay/Epoxy/Glass Fiber by Using Taguchi's Technique
,”
Mater. Des.
,
70
, pp.
1
9
.
12.
Bijwe
,
J.
,
Gupta
,
M. K.
,
Parida
,
T.
, and
Trivedi
,
P.
,
2015
, “
Design and Development of Advanced Polymer Composites as High Performance Tribo-Materials Based on Blends of PEK and ABPBI
,”
Wear
,
342–343
, pp.
65
76
.
13.
Mathew
,
M. T.
,
Novo
,
J.
,
Rocha
,
L. A.
,
Covas
,
J. A.
, and
Gomes
,
J. R.
,
2010
, “
Tribological, Rheological and Mechanical Characterization of Polymer Blends for Ropes and Nets
,”
Tribol. Int.
,
43
(
8
), pp.
1400
1409
.
14.
Brostow
,
W.
,
Datashvili
,
T.
, and
Huang
,
B.
,
2008
, “
Tribological Properties of Blends of Melamine-Formaldehyde Resin With Low Density Polyethylene
,”
Polym. Eng. Sci.
,
48
(
2
), pp.
292
296
.
15.
Brostow
,
W.
,
Grguric
,
T. H.
,
Olea-Mejia
,
O.
,
Pietkiewicz
,
D.
, and
Rek
,
V.
,
2008
, “
Polypropylene + Polystyrene Blends With a Compatibilizer—Part 2: Tribological and Mechanical Properties
,”
e-Polym.
,
8
(
1
), pp.
364
375
.
16.
Chen
,
J.
,
Cao
,
Y.
, and
Li
,
H.
,
2006
, “
Investigation of the Friction and Wear Behaviors of Polyoxymethylene/Linear Low-Density Polyethylene/Ethylene-Acrylic-Acid Blends
,”
Wear
,
260
(
11–12
), pp.
1342
1348
.
17.
Chen
,
Z.
,
Liu
,
X.
,
Li
,
T.
, and
Lu
,
R.
,
2006
, “
Mechanical and Tribological Properties of PA66/PPS Blend Filled With PTFE
,”
J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
,
101
(
2
), pp.
969
977
.
18.
Chen
,
Z.
,
Li
,
T.
,
Yang
,
Y.
,
Liu
,
X.
, and
Lu
,
R.
,
2004
, “
Mechanical and Tribological Properties of PA/PPS Blends
,”
Wear
,
257
(
7–8
), pp.
696
707
.
19.
Rajan
,
A.
,
2011
, “
Development of MA-g-PE Modified EVA/HDPE Nanocomposites and Their Mechanical, Thermal and Moisture Absorption Behaviour
,” M.Tech. thesis, Gautam Buddha Technical University, Lucknow, India.
20.
Namdeo
,
R.
,
Tiwari
,
S.
,
Manepatil
,
S.
, and
Chand
,
N.
,
2016
, “
Two-Body Abrasive Wear Behaviours of Polyethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer/High-Density Polyethylene (EVA/HDPE) Polymer Blends
,”
National Conference on Emanate Trends in Mechanical & Allied Engineering Sciences
, Indore, India, pp.
1
7
.
21.
Namdeo
,
R.
,
Tiwari
,
S.
,
Manepatil
,
S.
, and
Chand
,
N.
,
2016
, “
High Stress Abrasive Wear Behaviours of Compatibilized EVA/HDPE Polymer Blends
,”
National Conference on Emanate Trends in Mechanical & Allied Engineering Sciences
, Indore, India, pp.
8
14
.
22.
Namdeo
,
R.
,
Tiwari
,
S.
,
Manepatil
,
S.
, and
Chand
,
N.
,
2016
, “
Optimizing the Effect of Addition of MA-g-PE Compatibilizer on Two-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior of EVA/HDPE Polymer Blend Using Taguchi and ANOVA
,”
ELK Asia Pacific Journals, Special Issue International Conference on ARIMPIE
, pp.
39
43
.
23.
ASTM
,
2013
, “
Standard Test Methods for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, Standard No. ASTM D6037-13e1.
24.
Archard
,
J. F.
,
1953
, “
Contact and Rubbing of Flat Surfaces
,”
J. Appl. Phys.
,
24
(
8
), pp.
981
988
.
25.
Montgomery
,
D. C.
,
2005
,
Design and Analysis of Experiments
, 5th ed.,
Wiley
,
New York
, pp.
363
382
.
26.
Myers
,
R. H.
, and
Walpole
,
R. E.
,
1989
,
Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists
,
MacMillan
,
New York
.
27.
Minitab, 2016, “MINITAB 17 Free Trial,” Minitab, Inc., State College, PA, https://www.minitab.com/en-us/products/minitab/free-trial/.
28.
Harsha
,
A. P.
, and
Tewari
,
U. S.
,
2003
, “
Two-Body and Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Polyaryletherketone Composites
,”
Polym. Test.
,
22
(
4
), pp.
403
418
.
29.
Gahr
,
K. H. Z.
,
1987
,
Microstructure and Wear of Materials
(Tribology Series 10),
Elsevier
,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
.
30.
Lhymn
,
C.
,
1987
, “
Effect of Normal Load on the Specific Wear Rate of Fibrous Composites
,”
Wear
,
120
(
1
), pp.
1
27
.
31.
Chand
,
N.
,
Naik
,
A.
, and
Neogi
,
S.
,
2000
, “
Three Body Abrasive Wear of Short Glass Fiber Polyester Composite
,”
Wear
,
242
(
1–2
), pp.
38
46
.
32.
Yousif
,
B. F.
,
Nirmal
,
U.
, and
Wong
,
K. J.
,
2010
, “
Three-Body Abrasion on Wear and Frictional Performance of Treated Betelnut Fibre Reinforced Epoxy (T-BFRE) Composite
,”
Mater. Des.
,
31
(
9
), pp.
4514
4521
.
33.
Gahr
,
K. H. Z.
,
1998
, “
Wear by Hard Particles
,”
Tribol. Int.
,
31
(
10
), pp.
587
596
.
You do not currently have access to this content.