... partial transient liquid phase diffusion bonding. Diffusion of Fe, Cr, Ni, and Zr has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy examinations and energy dispersive spectroscopy elemental analyses. Results showed that control of heating and cooling rate and 20 min soaking at 1223 K produces...

... – 853 . 10.1016/0020-7683(88)90051-0 01 04 2011 26 07 2011 01 12 2011 01 12 2011 carbon steel cavitation ductile fracture electroluminescence failure (mechanical) forming processes glow discharges inclusions metallurgy microcracks scanning electron microscopy...

... region were examined using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and X-ray diffraction. In the process, a carbon film was formed at the workpiece surface prior to laser processing and the laser scanning speed was kept constant during the process. It was found that the laser treated layer...

... necessary. laser small hole alumina residual stress alumina finite element analysis internal stresses laser beam cutting scanning electron microscopy thermal stresses tiles X-ray diffraction 13 05 2010 25 02 2011 23 03 2011 23 03 2011 2011 American...

... (PCBN) cutting inserts by means of diffusion bonding. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to examine thin film sensor and host material interactions at the bonding interface and to determine optimal bonding parameters. The thin film microthermal sensors were statically and dynamically...

... processes fracture laser materials processing metallurgical industries microfabrication scanning electron microscopy laser shock microforming high strain rate fracture forming limit diagram thin film Microscale laser dynamic forming (LDF) is a novel microfabrication technique...

... 2010 nanofabrication nanolithography nanostructured materials photonic crystals scanning electron microscopy Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) techniques were regarded as parallel nanofabrication methods for high-resolution and high-aspect-ratio features ( 1 2 3 ). NIL has...

... ). 19 01 2009 04 12 2009 15 01 2010 15 01 2010 alloys ceramics drilling laser beam machining microcracks micromachining scanning electron microscopy Laser machining has been proven to be a versatile and reliable technology in manufacturing for many years ( 1...

... are characterized by scanning electron microscopy and compared with simulation results. With the verified model, the ultrafast μ LDF process is generally discussed first. A series of numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effects of critical parameters on deformation behaviors. These critical...

... and FSW ETP copper samples 02 02 2006 03 02 2009 20 05 2009 computerised numerical control copper friction welding micromechanics milling machines plates (structures) scanning electron microscopy Since there is no melting in FSW oxidation is reduced, solidification...

... particle size recycling scanning electron microscopy The machining industry relies on metalworking fluids (MWFs) in processes such as milling, drilling, and grinding. These fluids accomplish cooling, lubrication, chip evacuation, and corrosion resistance ( 1 ). One method currently being...

... membranes. 29 01 2008 08 05 2008 17 07 2008 alumina ceramics coolants maintenance engineering membranes metalworking microfiltration particle size measurement probability recycling scanning electron microscopy sintering microfiltration metalworking fluids cutting...

... cutting ( 15 22 23 24 ). They performed a quantitative study of chip formation mechanisms in single-crystal copper and aluminum via an ultramicrotomy process with speeds of 1 mm ∕ s and uncut chip thicknesses from 25 nm to 2 μ m . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM...

... evaluated for their morphology and compressive properties using scanning electron microscopy and the mechanical testing. In vitro cell-scaffold interaction study was carried out using primary fetal bovine osteoblasts. The cell proliferation and differentiation were evaluated by Alamar Blue assay...

... conical tubes of liquid 9 K media, using the standard media recipe suggested by VKM (the Russian Collection of Microorganisms). 08 12 2005 27 08 2006 surface roughness machining biotechnology microorganisms copper polishing scanning electron microscopy...

... memory effects rapid prototyping (industrial) optical microscopy differential scanning calorimetry X-ray chemical analysis scanning electron microscopy quenching (thermal) porosity laser deposition nickel alloys titanium alloys Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are materials that exhibit...

... fracture voids (solid) hardening scanning electron microscopy automobile industry heat treatment noncrystalline defects In recent years, adhesive joining has received increasing interest in the automotive and aircraft industries, especially in the body parts assembly. In comparison with other...

... AND ENGINEERING . Manuscript received December 16, 2004; revised August 17, 2004. Associate Editor: K. Dohda. 04 02 2005 silicon compounds ceramics cutting tools fibres micromachining punching pressing sheet metal processing materials testing foils scanning electron microscopy...

...Frank C. Gift,, Jr.; Wojciech Z. Misiolek The performance of three water-based grinding fluids was analyzed and compared to a neat oil tested under the same process conditions. Light optical and scanning electron microscopy observations show the mechanism of metal deposition that leads to CBN wheel...

.... For the transport of unused semi-synthetic MWF through microfiltration membranes ranging in pore size from 0.2 to 5.0 micrometers, Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) and Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) are used to identify three interdependent and sequential mechanisms of flux decline: pore...