Knee Kinematics During an In Vitro Simulated Deep Flexion Squat

Understanding the behavior of the natural knee in deep flexion can offer insight into the necessary design characteristics of a total knee implant. Andriacchi et al. [1] measured the in vivo characteristics of knee motion down to ∼150° knee flexion during a weight bearing squat. Likewise, Li et al. [2] investigated deep knee flexion in vitro using robotic technology during passive knee flexion. Both of these studies offer insight into the behavior of the knee in deep knee flexion; however, they have some limitations with regards to assessing physiological activities in a controlled manner. The purpose of this study was to measure the kinematics of the knee during a simulated in vitro deep knee squat so that in the future a dynamic, load-bearing, simulated deep knee squat could be used as a tool in the design of total knee prostheses.